Three.js
JavaScript 3D library with VR support. The JavaScript library provides the most widely used abstraction layer over WebGL for creating 3D graphics in web browsers. Its scene graph, camera, material, and geometry systems cover fundamental 3D rendering needs with an approachable API for web developers. Three.js supports glTF model loading, environment mapping, shadows, and post-processing effects for production-quality web 3D. The massive community, extensive examples, and ecosystem of extensions have made it the default choice for web-based 3D development.
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Unity
Cross-platform game engine for 2D, 3D, VR, and AR development. The engine supports development across mobile, desktop, consoles, VR, AR, and web platforms from a single codebase with platform-specific optimizations. Its Asset Store provides thousands of pre-built components, art assets, tools, and complete project templates that accelerate game and application development. Unity's visual scripting, shader graph, and animation state machines enable creating complex behaviors without extensive programming knowledge. The engine powers approximately half of all mobile games and has expanded significantly into automotive, film, architecture, and industrial simulation.
Unreal Engine
Real-time 3D creation tool for photoreal visuals and immersive experiences. The engine's rendering capabilities including Nanite virtualized geometry and Lumen global illumination produce film-quality visuals in real time for games and visualization. Its Blueprint visual scripting system enables designers and artists to create gameplay logic, UI, and interactions without C++ programming. Unreal's MetaHuman framework generates highly realistic digital humans with animation-ready rigs for film, games, and virtual production. The engine is free until a project earns over one million dollars in revenue, making AAA-quality technology accessible to indie developers.
Lens Studio
Create augmented reality experiences for Snapchat. The platform provides visual scripting, 3D object tracking, hand tracking, body tracking, and machine learning templates for building complex AR experiences. Its asset library includes 3D objects, particles, materials, and audio that developers combine with custom content for branded AR filters and experiences. Lens Studio's connected lenses feature enables multi-user shared AR experiences where participants see and interact with the same virtual content. The analytics dashboard tracks lens engagement metrics including plays, shares, and average play time for measuring AR campaign performance.
Vuforia
Augmented reality SDK for mobile and wearable devices. The SDK provides marker-based, markerless, and model target tracking for placing digital content on physical objects, images, and environments with precise registration. Its cloud recognition service enables scanning physical products or images to trigger AR experiences without pre-downloading large tracking databases. Vuforia's area target capability scans physical spaces and enables placing persistent virtual content in specific locations within buildings and facilities. Enterprise customers use it for industrial AR applications including assembly guidance, maintenance instructions, and quality inspection overlays.
A-Frame
Web framework for building virtual reality experiences. The HTML framework enables creating VR and AR scenes using custom HTML elements that map to 3D primitives, lights, cameras, and behaviors declaratively. Its entity-component system provides a modular architecture where functionality is composed by attaching components to entities rather than inheriting from class hierarchies. A-Frame's inspector tool enables visual editing of 3D scenes in the browser, adjusting positions, materials, and lighting interactively during development. The framework runs on standard WebXR, making experiences accessible through web browsers on phones, headsets, and desktop without app installation.
Tilt Brush
VR painting application for creating 3D artwork in virtual space. The VR application enables painting with light, fire, snow, stars, and other volumetric brushes in three-dimensional space for creating immersive artwork. Its room-scale support allows artists to walk around and through their creations, painting at any scale from miniature details to room-sized installations. Tilt Brush exports to standard 3D formats including FBX, OBJ, and glTF for incorporating VR-created art into traditional 3D pipelines. Google open-sourced the project, enabling community development and ensuring the tool remains available as VR painting technology evolves.